Studies and Researches: Study of Emile Durkheim's View on Origin of Religion, Criticism by Martyr Motahhari, John Hick

In this article, the descriptive-analytical approach is used to clarify Durkheim's principles in this regard. These views will also be criticized from the perspective of the martyr (Mortada Motahhari) and (John Hick). The main basis of Durkheim's theory is totemism, but there is no evidence that totemism originated as Durkheim imagined, as it is the ultimate source of other religions. On the other hand, the fact that both religious and social teachings deny the moral, spiritual, economic and personal functions of religion. Its focus on social function, relativity, and the inability to generalize this theory to human beings are among the things that reveal the invalidity of Durkheim's theory.