The research problem is determined by answering a main question about the most important humanist trends, and their most important criticisms, with a focus on the positivism of Auguste Comte. According to the nature of the topic that the research addresses, a complex approach was adopted that combines historical research, description, analysis and criticism. The descriptive approach was adopted to define the humanist movement, and to explain its most important historical branches and types. Then, the historical approach was used to trace the roots of the humanist tendency, and then the analytical and critical approach was used to address the ambiguities and problems of this concept in Western philosophy, and the position of the Islamic religion towards it. It was concluded that the concept of humanism is a multi-meaning concept, surrounded by ambiguity that makes it an ambiguous concept capable of including different perceptions, according to references and cognitive contexts. The most important criticism of the concept is its lack of knowledge of the reality of mankind, and his existential aspects, reaching an attempt to analyze the reasons for the reversal of the humanist tendency - from a tendency that aims at elevate the status of mankind to a tendency that contributed to the degradation of mankind - as a result of reducing his reality to the material aspect, ignoring other spiritual and moral aspects, limiting it to the man-made approach and experimental tools as the only cognitive tools, and rejecting all other cognitive tools such as the demonstrative reason and witnesses.
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