1- The uncertainty of psychological revelation: This uncertainty claims that revelation is merely a psychological state, and that the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) relied on his genius and ideas, benefiting from previous religions such as Judaism and Christianity.
2- The uncertainty of religious experience: This uncertainty assumes that revelation is a sensory experience or a sensory perception similar to the mystical reveal, but it lacks evidence for this alleged similarity between revelation and mystical reveal.
3- The uncertainty of intertextuality (quoting from previous sources): This uncertainty claims that Qur’an has multiple original sources, including pre-Islamic poetry and previous religions, basing on an alleged similarity between Qur’anic verses and poetry by Imru’ al-Qais and Umayya ibn Abi al-Salt.
The article, then, discusses the accuracy and correctness of these uncertainties, and concludes that the Qur’anic text is unique and authentic.
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